Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT)

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What is the result of aldosterone production in the body?

  1. Increased sodium and decreased potassium

  2. Decreased sodium and increased potassium

  3. Increased blood pressure

  4. Decreased fluid retention

The correct answer is: Decreased sodium and increased potassium

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a crucial role in regulating electrolyte balance and fluid retention in the body. Its primary action is on the kidneys, where it facilitates the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium. As aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, it leads to an increase in sodium levels in the blood, while potassium levels are reduced due to increased secretion. This mechanism is vital for maintaining fluid balance and blood pressure. While some of the other choices mention effects related to sodium and potassium balance, they do not accurately represent the primary result of aldosterone production. The regulation of blood pressure by aldosterone is an indirect outcome, as increased sodium retention can lead to higher blood volume and, consequently, elevated blood pressure, but the most direct effect is the altered levels of sodium and potassium in the body.

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