Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT)

IgE plays a crucial role in the defense against which type of pathogens?

1. Bacteria

2. Viruses

3. Parasites and worms

4. Fungi

The correct answer is: Parasites and worms

IgE is an immunoglobulin that primarily mediates the immune response against parasites and helminths (worms). It is well-known for its involvement in allergic reactions and plays a crucial role in the defense mechanism associated with parasitic infections. When parasites invade the body, IgE binds to them and triggers the release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells and basophils, leading to an inflammatory response that helps to eliminate the invading organisms. This response is particularly effective against large organisms, such as worms, which can be difficult for the body to eradicate with other types of immune responses that target smaller pathogens. In contrast, the other types of pathogens—bacteria, viruses, and fungi—are typically handled by different components of the immune system. Bacteria and fungi usually evoke a response mainly from IgG and IgM antibodies, while viruses often stimulate a cell-mediated immunity involving T cells. This differentiation in response underscores the specific role of IgE in defending against parasitic infections.